The "Closing" or "Salutation" Posture

The "Closing" or "Salutation" Posture

The "Closing" or "Salutation" posture (often called Bào Quán Lǐ 抱拳禮) used at the beginning and end of Tai Chi and Kung Fu practice.

To get the geometry right, you are aligning the "heel" of your open hand with the "knuckles" of your closed hand. Here is exactly how and where:

1. The "How" (Hand Formation)

The Left Palm: Keep the left hand open, fingers together, and the thumb tucked slightly (to represent humility). The "base line" refers to the bottom edge/heel of the palm (near the wrist).
The Right Fist: Make a standard clenched fist with the right hand. The "ridge" refers to the flat row of knuckles (the proximal interphalangeal joints) of the four fingers.

2. The "Where" (The Point of Contact)

The contact happens directly in front of your chest, about 6–10 inches away from your sternum at "Heart Center" height.

Vertical Alignment: The right fist is held upright.
The Connection: You press the flat base of the left palm firmly against the knuckles (ridge) of the right fist.
The Shape: Your arms should form a rounded circle (maintaining Peng energy). Your elbows should not be "spiked" upward or drooping down; they should be heavy and relaxed.

3. The Symbolic Meaning

In the context of the "Body Method" we discussed earlier, this alignment isn't just for show. It represents the union of two opposing forces:

The Fist (Right): Represents Yang, martial prowess, or "the tiger."
The Palm (Left): Represents Yin, wisdom, or "the dragon."

By placing the palm over the ridge of the fist, you are symbolically showing that wisdom/restraint (the palm) covers and controls martial force (the fist).

4. Integration with your Letter

If you are writing that letter regarding 按 (Push), you might find that this salutation is the perfect "frame" for your practice. The Push energy starts from the same centered place where this salutation is held.

Lie (挒) Plucking/cutting Arm Not Limp or Rigid

Lie (挒) Plucking/cutting Arm Not Limp or Rigid

In the judging table, under Lie (挒) it says:

“Plucking/cutting arm limp or rigid”

Let’s clarify precisely what that means.

1️⃣ What “Plucking/Cutting Arm” Refers To

It refers to the arm that performs the splitting or cutting vector in Lie (挒).

Lie is not just “pulling apart.”

It is:

A spiraling, opposing torque created by two coordinated forces.

So in Lie:

One arm draws (often related to Cai-like action).
The other arm “cuts” or “splits” across the opponent’s structure.

That cutting/splitting arm is what the phrase describes.

2️⃣ Why the Word “Cutting”?

The Chinese character 挒 (Lie) implies:

Splitting
Tearing apart
Rotational division

It is not a literal chop like in Karate.

It is:

A rotational shearing force.

So “cutting arm” means:

The arm applying the outward, rotational splitting vector.

3️⃣ Why Judges Check This

The rule says the arm must not be:

Limp (癱軟)
Rigid (僵硬)

Because Lie must be:

✔ Elastic

✔ Spiral

✔ Structurally connected

✔ Driven by waist

If the cutting arm is limp:

No torque reaches opponent.
It becomes decorative.

If the cutting arm is rigid:

It becomes muscular force.
Spiral continuity is broken.
Looks stiff in competition.

4️⃣ Better English Translation (More Precise)

“Plucking/cutting arm” is understandable but slightly awkward.

More accurate terms could be:

Splitting arm
Dividing arm
Torque-applying arm
Lie action arm
The arm executing the splitting vector

For an official manual, I would recommend:

“The splitting arm (Lie action arm) is limp or rigid.”

That is clearer and more professional.

5️⃣ Structurally What Should That Arm Feel Like?

In correct Lie:

Shoulder relaxed
Elbow sunk
Wrist alive
Spiral from dantian
Opposite arm coordinated

It should feel like:

Twisting a wet towel — not chopping wood.

6️⃣ Why This Is Often Confused

Many athletes:

Overuse arm strength
Raise the elbow
Lock the shoulder
Perform Lie as a horizontal pull

That is why this error category exists.

7️⃣ In Summary

“Plucking/cutting arm” means:

The arm that performs the splitting/rotational force in Lie.

The judging standard checks whether that arm:

✔ Maintains elastic structure

✔ Remains connected to the waist

✔ Is neither collapsed nor stiff

How Cai (採) transforms into Lie (挒)

How Cai (採) transforms into Lie (挒) —

and why wrist structure becomes even more critical in this transition.

This is where many athletes lose structural integrity.

1️⃣ First Clarify the Essence

🔻 Cai (採)

Downward plucking spiral.

Primary action: vertical sinking + inward spiral.

🔺 Lie (挒)

Splitting / tearing spiral.

Primary action: opposing rotational vectors.

Cai compresses.

Lie divides.

2️⃣ Vector Mechanics

In Cai

Force direction:

Diagonal downward
Guided by kua folding
Opponent’s center drawn slightly forward and down

Body action:

Weight sinks
Dantian rotates
Elbow drops
Wrist transmits

You are borrowing opponent’s forward force.

Transition Moment (Critical)

Cai stores rotational tension in the torso.

If structure is correct:

The fascia sling is loaded
Opponent’s structure is partially compromised
Their elbow is controlled

Now Lie is not a new action —

it is the release of stored torsion.

In Lie

Force direction:

One hand draws back
One hand expands forward or outward
Spiral torque increases

It becomes:

Horizontal or diagonal split
Opponent’s axis rotated and broken

3️⃣ Fascia Chain During Transition

In Cai:

Adductor + oblique sling engaged.

In Lie:

Opposite oblique sling activates.

This creates cross-body torque.

If wrist remains aligned:

✔ Fascia tension flows uninterrupted

✔ Elbow remains heavy

✔ Torque reaches opponent’s center

If wrist collapses:

❌ Spiral energy dissipates

❌ Lie becomes arm pulling

❌ Structure disconnects

4️⃣ The Role of the Wrist in Cai → Lie

The wrist must:

Remain alive
Slightly extended
Connected to elbow drop
Not over-flexed

Why?

Because Lie requires two-direction expansion.

If the wrist is sitting or locked:

It blocks the outward splitting vector
You get arm-based rotation instead of whole-body torque

5️⃣ Common Technical Errors in Competition

❌ Athletes over-pull in Cai

→ then switch to muscular outward yank for Lie

❌ Elbows rise during transition

→ Lose downward root

❌ Wrist flexes to grip

→ Judges see tension

❌ No clear directional change

→ Cai and Lie look identical

6️⃣ Biomechanical Truth

Cai loads torsion.

Lie releases torsion.

Think of twisting a towel:

Cai = twist downward.

Lie = wring apart.

The wrist should be:

Like the end of a whip — flexible yet connected.

Not rigid.

Not collapsed.

7️⃣ Why Some Practitioners Use 坐腕 Here

Because in very short-range application:

They create a brief compression at wrist

→ then explode outward

But that is:

Combat micro-power
Not structural ideal
Not sustainable for competition aesthetics

For long jin transmission:

The spiral must remain continuous.

8️⃣ Internal Principle from Classics

Although not worded directly about Cai-Lie transition, the classical idea:

節節貫串
Joint by joint continuity

Applies precisely here.

If wrist breaks continuity:

Lie becomes separate from Cai.

But in advanced Taiji:

Cai already contains Lie.

9️⃣ Final Technical Conclusion

For optimal energy transmission:

✔ Wrist extended, rounded

✔ Elbow sunk

✔ Kua folding in Cai

✔ Dantian spiral continues into Lie

✔ No muscular gripping

The power comes from:

Ground reaction → pelvic torque → spinal spiral → scapular glide → elbow drop → wrist expression

The wrist is an endpoint, not an engine.

Ground Reaction Force反作用力

The core of internal push-hands mechanics.

When you are pushed, the partner’s force does not stop at your hands.

If your structure is correct, it travels:

Hand → Arm → Shoulder → Spine → Kua → Legs → Feet → Ground → Rebound → Expressed back through the hand

Let’s break it down clearly.

1️⃣ The Moment of Contact – Don’t Resist

When your partner pushes:

You do not stiffen.
You do not collapse.
You allow the force to “enter” your structure.

In Tai Chi terms:

不丟不頂 — neither lose nor resist.

Your hand becomes a sensor, not a blocker.

2️⃣ Force Goes Down Through Structure

If your alignment is correct:

Elbow sinks
Shoulder relaxes
Chest contains (not puffed)
Spine lengthens
Kua (hip joints) loosen and hollow
Knees open
Weight settles into the feet

The incoming force now travels downward through your body like water running through a pipe.

This is called:

引進落空 (Lead in and drop into emptiness)

You are not “holding” the push.

You are conducting it.

3️⃣ Ground Reaction Force (Physics)

From a biomechanical perspective:

When force reaches the feet:

The feet press into the ground.
The ground produces an equal and opposite reaction force.
This reaction travels upward.

This is not mystical.

It is basic physics:

Newton’s Third Law.

But in Tai Chi, the body must be:

Relaxed (song)
Connected
Structurally aligned

Otherwise the force breaks at the shoulder or hip.

4️⃣ The Rebound

If your structure is round and elastic (like your “ball model” concept):

The force rebounds naturally.

Not as a muscular push,

but as:

整勁 (whole-body power)

It rises from:

Foot → Leg → Kua → Dantian rotation → Spine → Shoulder → Elbow → Hand

And is expressed as:

Peng (ward-off)
Ji (press)
An (push)
or even a neutralizing spiral

5️⃣ Important: It Is Not a Bounce

Many people misunderstand.

It is not:

Push → compress → bounce back.

Instead it is:

Absorb → redirect → reissue.

The rebound is guided by:

Dantian micro-rotation
Kua angle
Spiral intent

If the dantian does not rotate,

the rebound becomes stiff and linear.

6️⃣ Internal Feeling

When done correctly, you feel:

The push gets heavy in your legs.
Your upper body stays light.
The opponent suddenly feels like pushing into emptiness.
Then your return power feels “effortless” to them.

They often say:

“It felt like I was pushing the ground.”

That means it worked.

7️⃣ Why Many Fail

Common mistakes:

❌ Shoulder tight — force stuck in chest

❌ Kua locked — force cannot descend

❌ Weight too forward — no rebound path

❌ Trying to “push back” with arms

When any joint blocks, the circuit breaks.

8️⃣ One Key Image

Think of your body as:

A vertical spring embedded in the earth.

When pushed:

You compress downward,

not backward.

Then the ground releases you upward,

guided by spiral intent.

雙捋Double Lu

雙捋Double Lu

The concept of Shuang Lǚ (雙捋 - Double Roll-back) in Tai Chi Push Hands (Tuī Shǒu 推手), though it is often understood more as a mechanical application or a specific variation rather than one of the "Primary Eight Gates" (八法).

In the classics, Lǚ (捋) is the energy of leading an opponent's force into the void. Shuang Lǚ typically refers to using both hands simultaneously to control and redirect the opponent's arm or body.

1. Technical Definition: What is Shuang Lǚ?

In standard Sì Zhèng Tuī Shǒu (四正推手 - Four Square Push Hands), you usually perform a single-handed roll-back. Shuang Lǚ occurs when:

Two-point contact: One hand controls the opponent's wrist (Wàn 腕) and the other controls the elbow (Zhǒu 肘) or the upper arm.
The Vector: You use your entire body's rotation (Yāo Kuà 腰胯 - Waist and Hips) to "pluck" or "draw" the opponent past your centerline.

2. The Mechanics in Tai Chi Classics

The Tai Chi classics emphasize that Lǚ must be "light but not floating."

"引進落空" (Yǐn Jìn Luò Kōng) — To lead the opponent's force into the void.

When you execute Shuang Lǚ, the goal is to ensure the opponent cannot "escape" the circle. By using two hands, you create a "coupling" force that makes it much harder for the opponent to neutralize the pull by sinking their elbow.

3. Application Scenarios

Scenario	Chinese Term	Mechanic
Neutralizing a Press	化按為捋 (Huà Àn Wéi Lǚ)	If an opponent presses (Àn) with both hands, you can "split" or "double roll-back" their arms to the side to uproot them.
The "Big Roll-back"	大捋 (Dà Lǚ)	In the Dà Lǚ routine, there are specific moments where both hands are used to lead the opponent in a deep diagonal step.
Controlling the Center	雙手束縛 (Shuāng Shǒu Shù Fù)	Using both hands to "bind" the opponent's leading arm, making them feel like they are falling into a well.

4. A Key Warning from the Classics

Practitioners are often warned against "Stiff Pulling" (硬拉 - Yìng Lā).

The Taijiquan Jing (太極拳經) says:

"不丟不頂" (Bù Diū Bù Dǐng) — Neither losing contact nor resisting.

If your Shuang Lǚ is too heavy or muscular, the opponent will sense the "tug" and counter-strike. A true Shuang Lǚ feels like "sticking to a silk thread"—it’s a suction force (Xī Lì 吸力) rather than a mechanical pull.there is "雙捋" (shuāng lǚ / double rollback) in Taijiquan push hands (推手 / tuī shǒu), though it is not one of the most standard or frequently emphasized standalone patterns like the basic 定步推手 (fixed-step push hands) with 掤捋擠按 (péng lǚ jǐ àn).

"雙捋" refers to using both hands simultaneously to perform 捋 (lǚ / rollback, plucking/leading energy backward and sideways to neutralize and lead the opponent's force into emptiness — 引進落空). It appears in various styles and training methods, often as a transitional, applied, or advanced technique rather than a core repeating cycle.

Where "雙捋" Appears in Push Hands Practice

In Chen-style Taijiquan (陳氏太極拳): Double-handed 捋 is explicitly described in applications and transitions. For example:
- From postures like 青龍出水 (Green Dragon Emerges from Water) turning into 双推手 (double push hands), both hands perform forward or diagonal 捋.
- In explanations of 六封四閉 (Six Sealing Four Closing) or similar movements, 双捋 is used to rollback both arms/elbows/wrists together (e.g., when the opponent presses forward, you use both hands to 捋 their arm/structure).
- Teachers like 陳照丕 (Chen Zhaopi) and modern Chen lineages mention 双手捋 in push hands scenarios, such as grabbing the opponent's wrist and elbow with both hands to lead and unbalance.
In Yang-style / Zheng Manqing (鄭子) lineages and other schools:
- Videos and teachings (e.g., from 張琦逢 or similar instructors) show "推手雙捋雙按" — double rollback followed by double press (雙捋雙按 / shuāng lǚ shuāng àn) as a specific drill or explanation in push hands training.
- It often appears in more advanced or free-form push hands, or as part of folding/transition patterns (折叠推手 / zhé dié tuī shǒu).
- In some "small lu" or moving-step variations, both hands may coordinate in a rollback motion.
In 大捋 (dà lǚ / large rollback): This is the classic four-corner push hands (四隅推手) using 採挒肘靠 (cǎi liè zhǒu kào). While 大捋 itself is not purely "雙捋", it frequently includes moments where both hands rollback together (e.g., one hand on wrist, one on elbow) to lead the opponent in a large circular path. Some call coordinated double-handed leading "雙捋" in this context.

Key Classics / Principles Related to 捋 (Including 双捋)

From traditional Taiji texts like 《打手歌》 (Dǎ Shǒu Gē / Pushing Hands Song):

掤捋擠按須認真，上下相隨人難進。
(Péng lǚ jǐ àn xū rèn zhēn, shàng xià xiāng suí rén nán jìn.)
Ward-off, rollback, press, and push must be taken seriously; upper and lower body follow each other, making it hard for others to advance.

捋 is described as:

捋勁義何解，引導使之前。順其來勢力，輕靈不丟頂。
(Lǚ jìn yì hé jiě, yǐn dǎo shǐ zhī qián. Shùn qí lái shì lì, qīng líng bù diū dǐng.)
What is the meaning of rollback energy? Lead and guide to make them advance. Follow their incoming momentum lightly and nimbly, without losing or resisting.

When done with both hands (雙捋), it amplifies the leading/引進 (yǐn jìn) effect, making it easier to create a larger emptiness (落空 / luò kōng) and set up for 發放 (fā fàng / issuing and discharging).

Summary

有雙捋 — Yes, double rollback exists and is practiced, especially in Chen-style, some Yang-style drills, and as applications/transitions.
It's more common in practical application, advanced push hands, or specific lineage teachings (e.g., 雙捋雙按 drills) than as a basic repeating form like single-sided 捋 in 四正推手.
The goal remains the same: use softness to borrow force (借力 / jiè lì), lead into emptiness, and counter naturally without force-on-force.

太極拳推手中明確存在「雙捋」這一技法。雙捋是相對於「單捋」而言的，指的是用雙手協同完成的一種捋法。它是太極推手中非常重要的基本技術之一，尤其在四正推手中，是最常見的捋法形式。

🔍 雙捋的核心含義

雙手捋帶一臂：這是最典型的雙捋。當對方進攻時，我用雙手同時沾黏住對方的同一隻手臂（一手控腕，一手控肘），順勢向自己的身體側後方或下方引進，使其來力落空，重心不穩。

雙手採捋兩腕：當對方雙手攻來時，我可以用雙手同時採住對方的兩手腕，然後向後下方或側方捋帶。
主要作用：雙捋的目的在於合力化解對方的攻勢。通過雙手協同配合，能更有效地控制和引導對方的力量，為後續的反擊（如擠、按等）創造有利條件。

🤔 雙捋與單捋的區別

雙捋：雙手協同，捋帶對方一臂或雙腕。目的是合力引化，徹底破壞對方重心，或將對方直接甩出。常見於四正推手、轉身大捋。
單捋：單手捋帶對方之手臂。目的多為一手捋化，為另一手的攻擊創造空間。常見於摟膝拗步等動作中的防守反擊。

簡單來說，如果單捋像「撥開樹枝尋找出路」，雙捋就更像「順勢抓住枝條將其引向一旁」。

💡 不同流派的說法

「雙捋」的叫法在孫式太極拳的論述中尤為明確。在陳式太極拳等流派中，雖然沒有特別強調這個名詞，但其推手實踐（如在「雙推手」或「大捋」中）完全包含了雙手協同進行捋化的技法和內容。

English

Is there a "Double Rollback" (Shuāng Lǚ / 雙捋) in Tai Chi Push Hands?

Yes, absolutely. "Double Rollback" (雙捋) is a definite technique in Tai Chi Push Hands (Tui Shou).

It is the counterpart to "Single Rollback" (單捋) and refers to a type of Rollback (Lǚ / 捋) technique performed with both hands working in coordination. It is a fundamental and crucial technique in Tai Chi Push Hands, appearing most frequently in the Four Directions (Sì Zhèng / 四正) pushing hands routine.

🔍 Core Meaning of Double Rollback

Rolling Back One Arm with Both Hands: This is the most typical form. When your opponent attacks, you use both hands to simultaneously adhere and stick to the attacking arm (one hand controlling the wrist, the other controlling the elbow) . You then lead and neutralize the incoming force by directing it backward or diagonally downward to the side of your body, causing their force to miss its target and their balance to be disrupted.
Plucking and Rolling Back Both Wrists: If your opponent attacks with both hands, you can use both hands to simultaneously "pluck" (Cǎi / 採) both of their wrists and then execute a rollback motion.
Primary Purpose: The main goal of Double Rollback is to jointly neutralize the opponent's offense. Through the coordinated use of both hands, you can more effectively control and redirect the opponent's force, creating favorable conditions for a subsequent counterattack (such as a Jǐ [挤] or Àn [按]).

🤔 Double Rollback vs. Single Rollback

Double Rollback: Both hands coordinate to roll back the opponent's one arm or both wrists. The aim is to jointly neutralize and fully disrupt the opponent's center of gravity, potentially throwing them off balance directly. Commonly seen in Four Directions push hands and Turn-Body Big Rollback ( Zhuǎn Shēn Dà Lǚ / 轉身大捋).
Single Rollback: One hand performs the rollback on the opponent's arm. The aim is often to use one hand to neutralize while creating space for the other hand to attack. Commonly seen in defensive transitions like "Brushing Knee and Twisting Step" (Lōu Xī Ao Bù / 摟膝拗步).

Simply put, if Single Rollback is like "pushing aside a branch to find a path," Double Rollback is more like "grabbing the branch and guiding it away."

💡 Notes on Different Styles

The specific term "Double Rollback" (雙捋) is particularly prominent in the literature of Sun Style Tai Chi (Sūn Shì Tàijíquán / 孫式太極拳) . In other styles, such as Chen Style Tai Chi (Chén Shì Tàijíquán / 陳式太極拳) , while the specific term might not be as frequently emphasized, the practical application of using both hands to perform the rollback technique is fully encompassed in their push hands practices (e.g., in "Double Push Hands" or "Big Rollback" [Dà Lǚ / 大捋] exercises).

撥擊發放

In Taijiquan (Tai Chi Chuan), particularly in the lineage of Zheng Manqing (鄭曼青, Cheng Man-ch'ing) and related Yang-style traditions, the four terms 撥 (bō / bo), 擊 (jī / ji), 發 (fā / fa), and 放 (fàng / fang) — often written together as "撥擊發放" or "拨击发放" — describe a key sequence in offensive (attacking / yang) technique during combat application or push hands (tui shou).

These four steps represent the aggressive counterpart to the defensive sequence 採牽走化 (cǎi qiān zǒu huà — pluck, lead, yield, neutralize), forming the complete yin-yang cycle of Taijiquan fighting principles: first neutralize (yin/defense), then counterattack (yang/offense) when the opponent is off-balance or exposed.

Meaning of Each Term (in English)

撥 (Bo / Dial / Deflect): To deflect, ward off, or brush aside the opponent's incoming force or structure. It opens a pathway by redirecting their energy slightly off-center (often using waist/hips rotation rather than raw arm strength). This creates an opening without clashing directly. In some texts it's paired with or similar to "靠" (kào — lean/shoulder) for close-range redirection.
擊 (Ji / Strike / Hit): To strike or deliver an immediate attack into the opening created by the deflection. This can involve hand strikes, palm/ fist, elbow, shoulder, or other parts (often incorporating Taiji's basic energies like 擠 squeeze/press, 按 push/downward press, 肘 elbow, or 靠 shoulder).
發 (Fa / Issue / Explode): To issue or release explosive fa jin (發勁 — issuing energy). The whole body coordinates — rooted in the feet, generated by the legs, directed by the waist, and expressed through the limbs — to deliver a sudden burst of power. This can be short-range (inch jin / cun jin), long jin, shaking jin, or penetrating jin, often causing the opponent to lose balance or be shocked internally.
放 (Fang / Release / Discharge / Throw Out): To "放" the opponent out — meaning to project, throw, bounce, or send them flying/falling away as the final result of the fa jin. The energy is fully expressed outward, then immediately withdrawn (收回) to avoid overcommitment or counterattack. In push hands demos, this is the moment the partner is sent stepping back or airborne.

Typical Sequence in Application

Opponent attacks → You first listen (聽勁), adhere (黏), and neutralize (化) using 採牽走化 (defensive/yin phase) to make their force fall into emptiness.
When they overextend or become stiff/empty → You instantly switch to offense: 撥 to open → 擊 to enter → 發 to explode → 放 to project them out.
The whole process is fluid, fast, and follows Taiji's principle of "using four ounces to deflect a thousand pounds" (四兩撥千斤), then countering decisively.

From Zheng Manqing's Teachings

Zheng Manqing emphasized this in his writings (e.g., "Taiji Quan Lun" explanations):

The strong/defender starts with guarding (守勢為先) using neutralization to lead the opponent into emptiness.
The attacker/weaker side uses 撥靠發放 (sometimes written with 靠 instead of 擊 in variants) but must follow proper method (知法 / 如法) and avoid falling into emptiness themselves.

This sequence embodies Taijiquan's core: 守必固，攻必取 (defense must be solid; attack must succeed), achieved naturally through relaxation, rooting, and whole-body coordination — not brute force.

In practice, experience these four in push hands (especially free/stepping push hands or dalu/big roll), where timing, sensitivity (聽勁), and the switch from yin to yang are trained.

If you're practicing a specific style (Yang, Zhengzi, Chen, etc.) or want examples from forms/push hands videos, let me know for more details!

In Chinese martial arts, specifically within the internal styles like Tai Chi (Taiji) and various Wushu systems, these four terms represent the mechanical stages of Force Application (Fajin).

While they are often used interchangeably in casual conversation, they describe a specific progression of energy from the moment you make contact to the moment the opponent is displaced.

The Four Stages of Force

Term	Character	Translation	Meaning & Mechanics
Bō	撥	Deflect / Peel	The initial contact. This isn't a hard block; it’s a subtle "nudging" or peeling aside of the opponent's incoming force to create an opening.
Jī	擊	Strike / Impact	The point of collision. Once the path is clear, you accelerate toward the target. In Tai Chi, this is the "closing" of the distance.
Fā	發	Emit / Release	The sudden explosive discharge of internal power ( $Fajin$ ). This is where the potential energy stored in the legs and waist is "fired" through the hand.
Fàng	放	Follow-through / Hurl	The long-range extension. It literally means "to let go." This ensures the opponent is thrown back or uprooted rather than just hit on the surface.

Why the Distinction Matters

In high-level Wushu or Tai Chi, these four actions happen in such quick succession that they look like a single movement. However, training them separately helps a practitioner ensure they aren't just "hitting" (which can be stiff), but are instead neutralizing ( $Bo$ ), targeting ( $Ji$ ), exploding ( $Fa$ ), and displacing ( $Fang$ ).

Internal logic: Without $Bo$ , you are hitting into their strength.
Mechanical logic: Without $Fang$ , your strike lacks the "length" to knock an opponent off their feet.

A Common Example: "Push" (An)

If you are performing the Tai Chi move "Push":

Bō: You touch the opponent's chest and subtly redirect their guard.
Jī: You connect your palms firmly to their center.
Fā: You snap your hips and spine to create a "shock" wave.
Fàng: You extend your arms fully to send them flying across the room.

訂閱：意見 (Atom)

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