太極拳推手攻守招法（中英文）
太極拳架與推手技藝內涵，蘊藏著老、莊無為的思考邏輯與《易經》陰陽變化的哲理。民國75年(1986)，筆者拜鄭子太極拳：宋志堅老師門下，學習易簡太極拳架、劍、刀、竿及推手技藝至今，經歷過選手、教練與裁判等。數十年期間，反覆揣摩〈太極拳經、論〉要義，茲提出個人對心法的體會，供同好參考。
太極拳十要：虛靈頂勁、沉肩墜肘、含胸拔背、鬆腰落胯、虛實分明、用意不用力、上下相隨、內外相合、連綿不斷、動中求靜。鄭曼青大師則以美人手、太極不動手、吃虧即是佔便宜，簡要闡述。宋志堅宗進一步具體化，提出：自然運動八法的原空位、原體位、帶動、反動、盪動、沉浮、趁勢前進、運動路線。揣摩五法（黏貼連隨不丟頂）、折疊法、套接法；籍此引導習者關節的鬆與定、雙手之動與靜、兩腳虛與實之陰陽變化，產生身體剛柔現象，及太極八法與推手招法之應用。
為了讓拳架的鬆柔招勢應用於推手技藝上，達到拳架與推手體用相連，我們參考〈太極拳經、論〉要訣，及鄭曼青大師之訓練法：「守者使左右略帶牽採者為得也。現在要求進步，必須從守方著手，等於水火既濟。」希望藉由太極拳推手攻守招勢，引導習者朝「以靜制動」、「以柔克剛」的技藝邁進。
The essence of Tai Chi Chuan forms and
pushing hands techniques embodies the philosophical thinking of Laozi and
Zhuangzi's non-action (wu wei) and the principles of Yin-Yang changes in the
Book of Changes (Yijing). In 1986, the author studied under Master Song Zhijian
of the Yang family Tai Chi Chuan lineage, learning the simplified Tai Chi Chuan
forms, sword, saber, staff, and pushing hands techniques. Over the years, he
has experienced being a competitor, coach, and referee. During these decades,
he has repeatedly pondered over the essentials of the Tai Chi Chuan Classic and
Theory, and now presents his personal insights on the mind techniques for
reference by fellow practitioners.
The Ten Essentials of Tai Chi Chuan:
keeping the head upright, relaxing the shoulders and dropping the elbows,
sinking the chest and plucking up the back, loosening the waist and lowering
the hips, distinguishing between fullness and emptiness, using intention rather
than force, coordinating upper and lower body, integrating internal and
external, continuous movement without interruption, and seeking stillness
within movement. Master Zheng Manqing briefly explains the "beauty
hands," "Tai Chi does not move hands," and "suffering a
loss is actually an advantage." Master Song Zhijian further elaborates by
proposing the eight natural movements: original empty position, original body
position, leading movement, counter movement, swinging movement, sinking and
floating, seizing the opportunity to advance, and the movement route. He also
explores the five methods (adhering, sticking, connecting, following, and not
letting go), folding method, and linking method; through these, guiding
practitioners in the relaxation and stability of joints, the movement and
stillness of both hands, the Yin-Yang changes in the virtual and real aspects
of both feet, resulting in the phenomena of the body's rigidity and
flexibility, and the application of the eight methods of Tai Chi and pushing
hands techniques.
In order to apply the relaxed and flexible
techniques of forms to the skills of pushing hands, and to achieve the
connection between the practical application of forms and pushing hands, we
refer to the essentials of the Tai Chi Chuan Classic and Theory, as well as
Master Zheng Manqing's training method: "When defending, slightly lead to
the left and right to gain advantages. Now, to seek progress, one must start
from defense, which is equivalent to the mutual complementarity of water and
fire." It is hoped that by using Tai Chi Chuan pushing hands techniques in
attack and defense, practitioners can advance towards the skills of
"controlling movement with stillness" and "softness overcoming
hardness."
鬆柔推手招法訓練（一）
太極拳與《易經》三大原則
《易經》三大原則：象、數、理
象：現象。數：數字。理：道理。
象：現象。
身體藉由腳之虛實、手之動靜、身體之剛柔等變化，產生太極八法、拳架及推手招法現象。
數：數字
雙腿進退長度，各關節角度與位置變化的數字，身體重心升降高度，及左右轉的弧度，等等數字的變化，展現太極拳法的奧妙。
理：道理。
太極拳架與推手招法經過反覆演練的過程獲得啟發，得以驗證拳架與推手技藝之合理性。
根據易經三大原則象、數、理。太極拳掤、屢、擠、按、採、挒、肘、靠等八法是身體各大環節角度與位置變化所產生的現象，而這個現象就身體的結構而言，是一種自然產生的變化。配合鄭曼青大師的訓練法：美人手、太極不動手、吃虧即是佔便宜，及宋志堅宗師自然運動八法中的原空位、原體位、藉助大自然的地心引力、反作用力、慣性力等能量，使身體產生虛實、動靜與剛柔的變化，身體各大關節、部位的變化，與位置的改變，產生拳架動作與推手招法。
鬆柔推手招法訓練（二）
鬆柔推手之要訣在於身手的輕靈度，身手輕靈才能以「黏、貼、連、隨不丟頂」的要領，牽引對手的重心。訓練過程中，以兩手的動靜變化，及兩腿的虛實轉換，不斷的破壞對手身體的平衡，又不斷地在緊要關頭拉對手一把，這是一種沒有運動傷害，又能激發身體潛能的訓練法。
黏法：吸引提收回來的意思，當對手向前按發勁時，我以黏法吸引化解，讓對手無法施展進攻的手法。
貼法：附著的意思，當對手向後退走時，我以貼法順勢跟進，讓對手無法脫逃。
連法：連續不斷的意思，與對手切磋時，以黏回貼進的手法，探聽虛實，一有間斷，更讓對手有機可乘。
隨法：順勢跟從的意思，其要領是要放下企圖心與拙力，不即不離，不先不後地跟蹤對手，探聽對手的虛實與動靜，隨時蓄勢待發。
不丟頂：不脫離，也不頂抗。如拳論：「動急則急應，動緩則緩隨。」不用力抵抗，也不消極脫逃，永不放棄契機。
Training in Supple Pushing Hands
Techniques (Part 2) The key to supple pushing hands lies in the
agility of body and hands. Only with agile body and hands can one use the
principles of "adhering, sticking, connecting, and following without
losing contact" to manipulate the opponent's center of gravity. During
training, through the dynamic changes of the hands and the static changes of
the legs, continuously disrupt the opponent's balance, and at critical moments,
pull the opponent's body without causing any physical harm, but stimulating the
body's potential.
Adhering Method: It means to attract, lift,
and bring back. When the opponent presses forward with force, I use the
adhering method to attract and dissolve, making it difficult for the opponent
to launch an attack.
Sticking Method: It means to attach. When
the opponent retreats, I use the sticking method to follow suit, making it
difficult for the opponent to escape.
Connecting Method: It means continuous and
uninterrupted. When sparring with the opponent, I use the method of adhering
and sticking to probe the virtual and real, and if there is any interruption,
it will give the opponent an opportunity.
Following Method: It means to follow suit.
The key is to let go of intentions and clumsiness, neither too close nor too
far, to track the opponent, probe the opponent's moves, and be ready
to act at any time.
Not Losing Contact: It means not to detach
or resist. As stated in the Tai Chi Classics: "When the opponent moves
fast, respond fast; when the opponent moves slowly, follow slowly." Do not
resist forcefully, nor passively escape,
鬆柔推手招法訓練（三）
推手招法訓練，是以身體九大環節（肩、肘、腕、頸、背、腰 、髖、膝、踝）為貫串的連結點，藉由雙手的動靜變化，產生陰陽的對應關係，太極拳經所謂：「陰不離陽，陽不離陰，陰陽相濟方為懂勁」，就推手技藝而言，是兩手相互合作的技藝，欲使兩手合作無間，首先必須放下企圖心，捨棄拙力，使身手輕靈，才能隨勢而動。
太極拳經所謂：「一舉動周身俱要輕靈，尤須貫串???。」拳法訓練是先求輕靈，再求貫串???。輕靈促使兩手陰陽變化莫測，利於彼此的合作，最後產生貫串的妙用。貫串是兩手互為主導與順從的合作關係，右手為主，左手為輔。左手為主，右手為輔，訓練時反覆探索兩手輕重的協調性，尋找破壞對手身體平衡的最佳比例，創造出手的最佳時機。
故拳架與基礎推手訓練，是在培養身手的輕靈度，為陰陽變化奠基。然後再進入點與點之間的對應關係，在推手招法的應用上，兩手輕重的比例，是破壞對手身體平衡的關鍵 ，也決定「牽動四兩撥千斤」的境界。
Push hands technique training is based on
the nine major joints of the body (shoulders, elbows, wrists, neck, back,
waist, hips, knees, ankles) as connecting points for ????. Through the dynamic changes of movement and stillness of hands, it creates a corresponding relationship between
yin and yang. As the Tai Chi Classics say, "Yin does not leave yang, yang
does not leave yin, yin and yang complement each other to understand jin
(internal energy)." In terms of push hands skill, it is a cooperative
skill between both hands. To make the cooperation seamless, one must first let
go of intention and abandon clumsy force, allowing the body and hands to be
agile, so as to move with the flow.
The Tai Chi Classics also state, "When
moving, the whole body must be agile, especially interconnected.????" Fist
training seeks agility first, then interconnectedness. Agility causes
unpredictable changes in the yin and yang of both hands, facilitating their
cooperation, and ultimately leading to the wonderful application of
interconnectedness.？？？？ Interconnectedness is a cooperative relationship where both
hands take turns leading and following, with the right hand as the main and the
left hand as the support. When the left hand is the main, the right hand is the
support. During training, repeatedly explore the coordination of the weight of
both hands, seeking the optimal ratio to disrupt the opponent's balance and
create the best timing for strikes.
Therefore, the training of forms and basic
push hands is to cultivate the agility of the body and hands as the foundation
for the changes of yin and yang. Then, it enters into the corresponding
relationship between point and point. In the application of push hands
techniques, the ratio of the weight of both hands is the key to disrupting the
opponent's balance and also determines the realm of "move a thousand
pounds with four ounces."
（一）基礎動作：
1.預備勢
動作要點：甲(東立者)、乙(西立者)二人東西相向站立，互相敬禮。
將雙手臂平舉，彼此指尖與對方手肘比齊(如圖)。坐實右腳，以虛踏的左腳跟為圓心，貼地向外轉30-45度，重心移至左腳，提右腳進踏一步，「鬆持」兩臂置於身體兩側(如照圖)。
(1) Basic Movement:
Preparatory Posture
Key Points of the Movement: Two individuals
(Person A, facing east, and Person B, facing west) stand facing each other,
bowing to each other.
Raise both arms horizontally, with
fingertips aligned with the other person's elbow (as shown in the diagram).
Root the right foot firmly on the ground,
using the left foot's heel as the center,？？？？ pivot outward 30-45 degrees, shift
the weight to the left foot, and step forward with the right foot.
"Loosely hold" both arms at the sides of the body (as shown in the
diagram).
2.單搭手：
甲乙雙方以右掤手相互搭手，腕關節互相交叉黏貼（如圖）。手臂保持輕靈狀態，雙方以原體位方式進行右腳前弓步（如圖），及左腳後坐步（如圖）。身體保持收臀鬆腰的狀態，由股四頭肌，支撐身體重心，進行進與退之間的轉換。甲乙雙方進退互換，循環往復。
搭手互換，兩腿互換：
甲乙雙方以左掤手、右按手相互搭手。兩腿互換，左腳前弓步、右腳後坐步（如圖）。動作要領同上。
Single Hand Connection:
Person A and Person B connect their right
ward-off hands, with their wrist joints intersecting and sticking together (as
shown in the diagram).
Keep the arms in a light and agile state.
Both parties perform a right bow step (as shown in the diagram) and a left
sit-back step (as shown in the diagram) in their original positions.
Maintain a posture with tucked hips and
relaxed waist. The transition between advancing and retreating is supported by
the quadriceps, which bear the body's weight. Person A and Person B alternate
between advancing and retreating in a cyclic manner.
Hand Connection Exchange, Leg Exchange:
Person A and Person B connect their left
ward-off hands and right press hands. The legs exchange positions, with the
left foot performing a bow step and the right foot performing a sit-back step
(as shown in the diagram). The movement principles are the same as above.
3.單搭手掤屢按：
（1）甲乙雙方以右掤手相互搭手，腕關節互相交叉黏貼，左手保持鬆持狀態置於左側腰胯（如圖），手臂保持輕靈狀態，甲方藉由身體對地面反作用力，向前按出，乙方藉由身體對地面反作用力順勢向後平退，同時右腕關節保持原空位，再依序鬆肩、墜肘、鬆腕、含胸拔背、鬆腰落胯、虛實分清。
（2）乙方右手黏貼甲方右腕關節，身體向右轉30-45度，自然產生掤屢（如圖）現象，甲方順勢產生靠勢。
（3）雙方身體回正，恢復搭手狀態（如圖）。甲乙雙方進退攻守互換，循環往復。
搭手互換，兩腿互換：
甲乙雙方以左掤手、右按手相互搭手。兩腿互換，左腳前弓步、右腳後坐步（如圖）。動作要領同上。
Single Hand Connection with Ward-Off and
Pressing:
(1) Person A and Person B connect their
right ward-off hands, with their wrist joints intersecting and sticking
together. The left hand remains in a loose hold position at the left side of
the waist and hip (as shown in the diagram). Keep the arms in a light and agile
state. Person A uses the reactive force of the body against the ground to press
forward, while Person B uses the reactive force of the body against the ground
to smoothly retreat backward. At the same time, the right wrist joint maintains
its original empty position, followed by relaxing the shoulders, dropping the
elbows, loosening the wrists, tucking in the chest and pulling back, relaxing
the waist and dropping the hip, and distinguishing between emptiness and
fullness.
(2) Person B's right hand sticks to Person
A's right wrist joint, and the body turns 30-45 degrees to the right, naturally
producing the pressing sensation (as shown in the diagram), while Person A
generates a leaning force.
(3) Both parties return to an upright
posture, restoring the hand connection position (as shown in the diagram).
Person A and Person B alternate between advancing and retreating in attack and
defense in a cyclic manner.
Hand Connection Exchange, Leg Exchange:
Person A and Person B connect their left
ward-off hands and right press hands. The legs exchange positions, with the
left foot performing a bow step and the right foot performing a sit-back step
(as shown in the diagram). The movement principles are the same as above.
Let me know if you have any further
questions or need additional assistance!
`4.雙搭手：
甲乙雙方以右掤手、左按手相互搭手，雙方右腕關節互相交叉黏貼（如圖）。左手指黏貼彼此肘關節前端（如圖），手臂保持輕靈狀態，雙方以原體位方式進行，右腳前弓步（如圖），及左腳後坐步（如圖）。身體保持收臀鬆腰狀態，由股四頭肌，支撐身體重心，進行進與退之間的轉換。甲乙雙方進退互換，循環往復。
搭手互換，兩腿互換：
甲乙雙方以左掤手、右按手相互搭手。兩腿互換，左腳前弓步、右腳後坐步（如圖）。動作要領同上。
Double Hand Connection:
Person A and Person B connect their right
ward-off hands and left press hands, with their right wrist joints intersecting
and sticking together (as shown in the diagram). The left fingers stick to the
front end of each other's elbow joints (as shown in the diagram), with the arms
maintaining a light and agile state. Both parties perform a right bow step (as
shown in the diagram) and a left sit-back step (as shown in the diagram) in
their original positions. Maintain a posture with tucked hips and relaxed waist.
The transition between advancing and retreating is supported by the quadriceps,
which bear the body's weight. Person A and Person B alternate between advancing
and retreating in a cyclic manner.
Hand Connection Exchange, Leg Exchange:
Person A and Person B connect their left
ward-off hands and right press hands. The legs exchange positions, with the
left foot performing a bow step and the right foot performing a sit-back step
(as shown in the diagram). The movement principles are the same as above.
5.掤屢採之基礎交換手：
甲乙雙方以右掤手、左按手相互搭手（如圖），雙方借地心引力鬆肩、肘、腕等關節，使右手掌黏貼對手肘關節上方，左手掌黏貼對手右手腕關節（如圖）。雙方右手臂藉由鬆肩肘與右轉腰交換手（如圖），手臂保持輕靈及黏貼連隨不丟頂的狀態，循環往復。
搭手互換，兩腿互換：
甲乙雙方以左掤手、右按手相互搭手。兩腿互換，左腳前弓步、右腳後坐步（如圖）。動作要領同上。
Basic Exchange of Ward-Off and Press Hands:
Person A and Person B connect their right
ward-off hands and left press hands (as shown in the diagram). Both parties
relax their shoulders, elbows, and wrists by using the force of gravity,
allowing the right palm to stick to the opponent's elbow joint from above, and
the left palm to stick to the opponent's right wrist joint (as shown in the
diagram). Both parties' right arms exchange hands by relaxing the shoulders,
elbows, and turning the waist to the right (as shown in the diagram),
maintaining a state of lightness, stickiness, and continuous follow without
losing contact, in a cyclic manner.
Hand Connection Exchange, Leg Exchange:
Person A and Person B connect their left
ward-off hands and right press hands. The legs exchange positions, with the
left foot performing a bow step and the right foot performing a sit-back step
(as shown in the diagram). The movement principles are the same as above.
（二）攻守招法應用
1. 正向右掤屢採法。
2. 左右掤屢採交換手：
3. 正向左掤屢採法。
4. 進階右掤屢採按法（內套接法）。
5. 進階左掤屢採按法（內套接法）
6. 進階左右掤屢採按法
7. 進階右掤屢採按法（外套接法）。
8. 進階左掤屢採按法（外套接法）。
9. 進階中間雙按雙屢法。
進階掤屢擠按法
(II) Application of Offensive and Defensive
Techniques
Forward Right Ward-Off and Press Technique.
Left and Right Ward-Off and Press Exchange
Hands Technique.
Forward Left Ward-Off and Press Technique.
Advanced Right Ward-Off and Press Pressing
Technique (Inner Wrapping Technique).
Advanced Left Ward-Off and Press Pressing
Technique (Inner Wrapping Technique).
Advanced Left and Right Ward-Off and Press
Pressing Technique.
Advanced Right Ward-Off and Press Pressing
Technique (Outer Wrapping Technique).
Advanced Left Ward-Off and Press Pressing
Technique (Outer Wrapping Technique).
Advanced Middle Double Press Double
Wrapping Technique.
Advanced Ward-Off and Press Squeezing
Pressing Technique.
依次說明其動作要領如下：兩手與腿前後相隨，左右相應，
相互合作，不可分離。
1.
正向右掤屢採按：
（1）甲乙雙方以右掤手、左按手相互搭手，腕關節互相交叉黏貼，左手指黏貼彼此肘關節前端（如圖），手臂保持輕靈狀態，甲方藉由身體對地面反作用力，向前按出，乙方藉由身體對地面反作用力順勢向後平退，同時右腕關節保持原空位，再依序鬆肩、墜肘、鬆腕、含胸拔背、鬆腰落胯、虛實分清。
（2）乙方右手黏貼甲方右腕關節，左手黏貼肘關節，自然產生掤屢採（如圖）現象，甲方順勢產生靠勢。
（3）雙方身體回正，恢復搭手狀態（如圖）。甲乙雙方進退攻守互換，循環往復。
1. Forward Right Ward-Off and Press
Pressing:
(1) Person A and Person B connect their
right ward-off hands and left press hands, with their wrist joints intersecting
and sticking together. The left fingers stick to the front end of each other's
elbow joints, with the arms maintaining a light and agile state. Person A uses
the reactive force of the body against the ground to press forward, while
Person B uses the reactive force of the body against the ground to smoothly
retreat backward. At the same time, the right wrist joint maintains its
original empty position, followed by relaxing the shoulders, dropping the
elbows, loosening the wrists, tucking in the chest and pulling back, relaxing
the waist and dropping the hip, and distinguishing between emptiness and
fullness.
(2) Person B's right hand sticks to Person
A's right wrist joint, and the left hand sticks to the elbow joint, naturally
producing the ward-off and press pressing sensation, while Person A generates a
leaning force.
(3) Both parties return to an upright
posture, restoring the hand connection position. Person A and Person B
alternate between advancing and retreating in attack and defense in a cyclic
manner.
2.
左右掤屢採按交換手：
（1）甲乙雙方以右掤手、左按手相互搭手，腕關節互相交叉黏貼，左手指黏貼彼此肘關節前端（如圖），手臂保持輕靈狀態，甲方藉由身體對地面反作用力，以左手黏貼乙方右手肘關節，向右斜前方弓步按出，乙方藉由身體對地面反作用力順勢向後平退，以右掤式隨勢引導甲方向左後方走化(如圖)，當甲方越過彼此中心線時，乙方以「原空位」的左掌順勢反採甲方左掌腕關節（如圖）。
（2）雙方身體轉正，甲方鬆肩、肘二關節成左掤式，右手鬆持平舉與肩同高（如圖），乙方以雙按式向前弓步，甲方以「原體位」向後成後坐步（如圖）。
（3）甲方右手黏貼乙方左手肘關節（如圖），再依步驟(1)向左斜前方弓步按進。如此左右循環往復。
搭手互換，兩腿互換：
甲乙雙方以左掤手、右按手相互搭手。兩腿互換，左腳前弓步、右腳後坐步（如圖）。動作要領同上。
2. Left and Right Ward-Off and Press
Exchange Hands:
(1) Person A and Person B connect their
right ward-off hands and left press hands, with their wrist joints intersecting
and sticking together. The left fingers stick to the front end of each other's
elbow joints, with the arms maintaining a light and agile state. Person A uses
the reactive force of the body against the ground to press forward with the
left hand sticking to Person B's right elbow joint, stepping forward with a
diagonal right bow step. Person B uses the reactive force of the body against the
ground to smoothly retreat backward, guiding Person A with a right ward-off
movement to walk to the left rear (as shown in the diagram). When Person A
crosses the centerline, Person B uses the "original empty position"
of the left palm to smoothly counter-press Person A's left palm wrist joint (as
shown in the diagram).
(2) Both parties return to an upright
posture. Person A relaxes the shoulders and elbows to form a left ward-off
position, while the right hand is held loosely and raised to shoulder level (as
shown in the diagram). Person B performs a double pressing movement with a
forward bow step, while Person A maintains the "original position"
and steps back with a sit-back step (as shown in the diagram).
(3) Person A's right hand sticks to Person
B's left elbow joint (as shown in the diagram), then follows step (1) to press
forward with a diagonal left bow step. This cycle repeats in a left-right
pattern.
Hand Connection Exchange, Leg Exchange:
Person A and Person B connect their left
ward-off hands and right press hands. The legs exchange positions, with the
left foot performing a bow step and the right foot performing a sit-back step
(as shown in the diagram). The movement principles are the same as above.
3.
正向左掤屢採按：
（1）甲乙雙方以左掤手、右按手相互搭手，腕關節互相交叉黏貼，右手指黏貼彼此肘關節前端（如圖），手臂保持輕靈狀態，甲方藉由身體對地面反作用力，向前按出，乙方藉由身體對地面反作用力順勢向後平退，同時左腕關節保持原空位，再依序鬆肩、墜肘、鬆腕、含胸拔背、鬆腰落胯、虛實分清。
（2）乙方右手黏貼甲方左腕關節，右手黏貼肘關節，自然產生掤屢採（如圖）現象，甲方順勢產生靠勢。
（3）雙方身體回正，恢復搭手狀態（如圖）。甲乙雙方進退攻守互換，循環往復。
3. Forward Left Ward-Off and Press
Pressing:
(1) Person A and Person B connect their
left ward-off hands and right press hands, with their wrist joints intersecting
and sticking together. The right fingers stick to the front end of each other's
elbow joints, with the arms maintaining a light and agile state. Person A uses
the reactive force of the body against the ground to press forward, while
Person B uses the reactive force of the body against the ground to smoothly
retreat backward. At the same time, the left wrist joint maintains its original
empty position, followed by relaxing the shoulders, dropping the elbows,
loosening the wrists, tucking in the chest and pulling back, relaxing the waist
and dropping the hip, and distinguishing between emptiness and fullness.
(2) Person B's right hand sticks to Person
A's left wrist joint, and the right hand sticks to the elbow joint, naturally
producing the ward-off and press pressing sensation, while Person A generates a
leaning force.
(3) Both parties return to an upright
posture, restoring the hand connection position. Person A and Person B
alternate between advancing and retreating in attack and defense in a cyclic
manner.
4.
進階右掤屢採按法（內套接法）：
（1）甲乙雙方以右掤手、左按手相互搭手，腕關節互相交叉黏貼，左手指黏貼彼此肘關節前端（如圖），手臂保持輕靈狀態，甲方藉由身體對地面反作用力，向前按出，乙方藉由身體對地面反作用力順勢向後平退，同時右腕關節保持原空位，再依序鬆肩、墜肘、鬆腕、含胸拔背、鬆腰落胯、虛實分清，同時右手黏貼甲方右腕關節，左手黏貼肘關節，自然產生掤屢採（如圖）現象。
（2）乙方右手黏貼甲方右腕關節，左手黏貼肘關節，右手借力順勢黏貼甲方右手臂內側上方（如圖）。
（3）乙方以右手黏貼甲方右手臂上方（如圖），並牽引制甲方身體重心，左手借力順勢往甲方肩膀貼進（如圖）。
（4）乙方左手借力順勢向甲方肩關節按出，甲方腰身向右轉帶動右手臂，回復搭手狀態（如圖），循環往復。
4.
Advanced Right Ward-Off and Press Pressing Technique (Inner Wrapping
Technique):
(1)
Person A and Person B connect their right ward-off hands and left press hands,
with their wrist joints intersecting and sticking together. The left fingers
stick to the front end of each other's elbow joints, with the arms maintaining
a light and agile state. Person A uses the reactive force of the body against
the ground to press forward, while Person B uses the reactive force of the body
against the ground to smoothly retreat backward. At the same time, the right
wrist joint maintains its original empty position, followed by relaxing the
shoulders, dropping the elbows, loosening the wrists, tucking in the chest and
pulling back, relaxing the waist and dropping the hip, and distinguishing
between emptiness and fullness. Meanwhile, Person B's right hand sticks to
Person A's right wrist joint, and the left hand sticks to the elbow joint,
naturally producing the ward-off and press pressing sensation.
(2)
Person B's right hand sticks to Person A's right wrist joint, and the left hand
sticks to the elbow joint. The right hand leverages force to stick to the inner
side above Person A's right arm (as shown in the diagram).
(3)
Person B's right hand sticks to the upper side of Person A's right arm (as
shown in the diagram), and pulls to control Person A's body center of gravity.
The left hand leverages force to move towards Person A's shoulder (as shown in
the diagram).
(4)
Person B's left hand leverages force to press against Person A's shoulder
joint, while Person A's waist turns to the right, driving the right arm to
return to the hand connection position (as shown in the diagram). This cycle
repeats.
5.
進階左掤屢採按法（內套接法）：
（1）甲乙雙方以左掤手、又按手相互搭手，腕關節互相交叉黏貼，左手指黏貼彼此肘關節前端（如圖），手臂保持輕靈狀態，甲方藉由身體對地面反作用力，向前按出，乙方藉由身體對地面反作用力順勢向後平退，同時左腕關節保持原空位，再依序鬆肩、墜肘、鬆腕、含胸拔背、鬆腰落胯、虛實分清，同時左手黏貼甲方左腕關節，右手黏貼肘關節，自然產生掤屢採（如圖）現象。
（2）乙方左手黏貼甲方左腕關節，右手黏貼肘關節，左手借力順勢黏貼甲方左手臂內側上方（如圖）。
（3）乙方以左手黏貼甲方左手臂上方（如圖），並牽引制甲方身體重心，左手借力順勢往甲方肩膀貼進（如圖）。
（4）乙方右手借力順勢向甲方肩關節按出，甲方腰身向右轉帶動左手臂，回復搭手狀態（如圖），循環往復。
4. Advanced Right Ward-Off and Press
Pressing Technique (Inner Wrapping Technique):
(1) Person A and Person B connect their
right ward-off hands and left press hands, with their wrist joints intersecting
and sticking together. The left fingers stick to the front end of each other's
elbow joints, with the arms maintaining a light and agile state. Person A uses
the reactive force of the body against the ground to press forward, while
Person B uses the reactive force of the body against the ground to smoothly
retreat backward. At the same time, the right wrist joint maintains its
original empty position, followed by relaxing the shoulders, dropping the
elbows, loosening the wrists, tucking in the chest and pulling back, relaxing
the waist and dropping the hip, and distinguishing between emptiness and
fullness. Meanwhile, Person B's right hand sticks to Person A's right wrist
joint, and the left hand sticks to the elbow joint, naturally producing the
ward-off and press pressing sensation.
(2) Person B's right hand sticks to Person
A's right wrist joint, and the left hand sticks to the elbow joint. The right
hand leverages force to stick to the inner side above Person A's right arm (as
shown in the diagram).
(3) Person B's right hand sticks to the
upper side of Person A's right arm (as shown in the diagram), and pulls to
control Person A's body center of gravity. The left hand leverages force to
move towards Person A's shoulder (as shown in the diagram).
(4) Person B's left hand leverages force to
press against Person A's shoulder joint, while Person A's waist turns to the
right, driving the right arm to return to the hand connection position (as
shown in the diagram). This cycle repeats.
6.
進階左右掤屢採按法：
（1）甲乙雙方以右掤手、左按手相互搭手，甲方藉由身體對地面反作用力，以右手向前按出，乙方藉由身體對地面反作用力順勢向後平退，同時鬆肩、肘、腕等關節。
（2）乙方以左手牽引甲方右手腕關節向右斜後方牽引（如圖），右手順勢黏貼甲方右肘關節上方（如圖），左手順勢借力貼進甲方肩關節，同時向前按進（如圖）。
（3）甲方身體向左轉時，會帶動左手向左上方拋，乙方右手順勢黏貼甲方左腕關節向左斜後方牽引（如圖），左手順勢黏貼乙方肘關節上方（如圖），右手順勢借力貼進甲方肩關節，同時向前按進（如圖），循環往復。。
6. Advanced Left and Right Ward-Off and
Press Pressing Technique:
(1) Person A and Person B connect their
right ward-off hands and left press hands. Person A uses the reactive force of
the body against the ground to press forward with the right hand, while Person
B uses the reactive force of the body against the ground to smoothly retreat
backward, simultaneously relaxing the shoulders, elbows, and wrists.
(2) Person B uses the left hand to guide
Person A's right wrist joint towards the right rear (as shown in the diagram),
while the right hand smoothly sticks to the upper side of Person A's right
elbow joint (as shown in the diagram). The left hand leverages force to stick
to Person A's shoulder joint and presses forward (as shown in the diagram).
(3) When Person A's body turns to the left,
it will cause the left hand to throw upwards to the left. Person B's right hand
smoothly sticks to Person A's left wrist joint and pulls towards the left rear
(as shown in the diagram), while the left hand smoothly sticks to the upper
side of Person B's elbow joint (as shown in the diagram). The right hand
leverages force to stick to Person A's shoulder joint and presses forward (as
shown in the diagram). This cycle repeats.
7.
進階右掤屢採按法（外套接法）：
（1）甲乙雙方以右掤手、左按手相互搭手，甲方藉由身體對地面反作用力，以右手向前按出，乙方藉由身體對地面反作用力順勢向後平退，同時右腕關節保持原空位，再依序鬆肩、墜肘、鬆腕關節、含胸拔背、鬆腰落胯、虛實分清，同時右手黏貼甲方右腕關節，左手黏貼肘關節，自然產生掤屢採（如圖）現象。
（2）乙方右手黏貼甲方右腕關節，左手黏貼肘關節，右手借力順勢向前黏貼甲方右手肘關節外側上方，兩手掌相互對應（如圖）。
（3）乙方以右手牽引制甲方身體重心，左手借力順勢往甲方肩膀貼進（如圖）。
（4）乙方右手借力順勢向甲方肘關節按出時，甲方轉腰帶動左手臂，順勢黏貼乙方右手肘關節外側上方，右手再順勢黏貼乙方右手肘關節外側上方，兩手掌相互對應（如圖），循環往復。
7. Advanced Right Ward-Off and Press
Pressing Technique (Outer Wrapping Technique):
(1) Person A and Person B connect their
right ward-off hands and left press hands. Person A uses the reactive force of
the body against the ground to press forward with the right hand, while Person
B uses the reactive force of the body against the ground to smoothly retreat
backward, simultaneously keeping the right wrist joint in its original empty
position, followed by relaxing the shoulders, dropping the elbows, loosening
the wrist joints, tucking in the chest and pulling back, relaxing the waist and
dropping the hip, and distinguishing between emptiness and fullness. At the
same time, the right hand sticks to Person A's right wrist joint, and the left
hand sticks to the elbow joint, naturally producing the ward-off and press
pressing sensation.
(2) Person B's right hand sticks to Person
A's right wrist joint, and the left hand sticks to the elbow joint. The right
hand leverages force to smoothly stick to the upper outer side of Person A's
right elbow joint, with the palms of both hands corresponding to each other (as
shown in the diagram).
(3) Person B uses the right hand to control
Person A's body center of gravity, while the left hand leverages force to move
towards Person A's shoulder (as shown in the diagram).
(4) When Person B's right hand leverages
force to press against Person A's elbow joint, Person A's waist turns to bring
the left arm, which then smoothly sticks to the upper outer side of Person B's
right elbow joint, while the right hand also smoothly sticks to the upper outer
side of Person B's right elbow joint, with the palms of both hands
corresponding to each other (as shown in the diagram). This cycle repeats.
8.
進階左掤屢採按法（外套接法）：
（1）甲乙雙方以左掤手、右按手相互搭手，甲方藉由身體對地面反作用力，以左手向前按出，乙方藉由身體對地面反作用力順勢向後平退，同時左腕關節保持原空位，再依序鬆肩、墜肘、鬆腕關節、含胸拔背、鬆腰落胯、虛實分清，同時左手黏貼甲方左腕關節，右手黏貼肘關節，自然產生掤屢採（如圖）現象。
（2）乙方左手黏貼甲方右腕關節，右手黏貼肘關節，左手借力順勢向前黏貼甲方左手肘關節外側上方，兩手掌相互對應（如圖）。
（3）乙方以左手牽引甲方身體重心，右手借力順勢往甲方肩膀貼進，（如圖）。
（4）乙方左手借力順勢向甲方肘關節按出時，甲方轉腰帶動左手臂，順勢黏貼乙方左手肘關節外側上方，左手再順勢黏貼乙方左手肘關節外側上方，兩手掌相互對應（如圖），循環往復。
8. Advanced Left Ward-Off and Press
Pressing Technique (Outer Wrapping Technique):
(1) Person A and Person B connect their
left ward-off hands and right press hands. Person A uses the reactive force of
the body against the ground to press forward with the left hand, while Person B
uses the reactive force of the body against the ground to smoothly retreat
backward, simultaneously keeping the left wrist joint in its original empty
position, followed by relaxing the shoulders, dropping the elbows, loosening
the wrist joints, tucking in the chest and pulling back, relaxing the waist and
dropping the hip, and distinguishing between emptiness and fullness. At the
same time, the left hand sticks to Person A's left wrist joint, and the right
hand sticks to the elbow joint, naturally producing the ward-off and press
pressing sensation.
(2) Person B's left hand sticks to Person
A's right wrist joint, and the right hand sticks to the elbow joint. The left
hand leverages force to smoothly stick to the upper outer side of Person A's
left elbow joint, with the palms of both hands corresponding to each other (as
shown in the diagram).
(3) Person B uses the left hand to control
Person A's body center of gravity, while the right hand leverages force to move
towards Person A's shoulder (as shown in the diagram).
(4) When Person B's left hand leverages
force to press against Person A's elbow joint, Person A's waist turns to bring
the left arm, which then smoothly sticks to the upper outer side of Person B's
left elbow joint, while the left hand also smoothly sticks to the upper outer
side of Person B's left elbow joint, with the palms of both hands corresponding
to each other (as shown in the diagram). This cycle repeats.
9.進階中間雙按雙屢法：
（1）甲乙雙方以右掤手、左按手相互搭手（如圖），甲方藉由身體對地反作用力，以雙按手向前按出，乙方藉由身體對地面反作用力順勢向後平退，兩手腕關節保持原空位，再依序鬆肩、墜肘、鬆腕、含胸拔背、鬆腰落胯、虛實分清，兩臂順勢牽採甲方左右手腕關節，自然產生掤屢採（如圖）現象。
（2）乙方兩臂黏貼甲方左右手腕關節時，兩手順勢借力往甲方肘關節按進（如圖），循環往復。
搭手互換，兩腿互換：
甲乙雙方以左掤手、右按手相互搭手。兩腿互換，左腳前弓步、右腳後坐步（如圖）。動作要領同上。
9. Advanced Middle Double Press and Double
Ward-Off Technique:
(1) Person A and Person B connect their
right ward-off hands and left press hands (as shown in the diagram). Person A
uses the reactive force of the body against the ground to press forward with
both hands, while Person B uses the reactive force of the body against the
ground to smoothly retreat backward. Both wrists maintain their original empty
positions, followed by relaxing the shoulders, dropping the elbows, loosening
the wrist joints, tucking in the chest and pulling back, relaxing the waist and
dropping the hip, and distinguishing between emptiness and fullness. Both arms
smoothly lead and pick up Person A's left and right wrist joints, naturally
producing the ward-off and press pressing sensation.
(2) When Person B's arms stick to Person
A's left and right wrist joints, both hands smoothly leverage force to press
into Person A's elbow joints (as shown in the diagram). This cycle repeats.
The "hand exchange, leg exchange"
part at the end refers to the practice of switching roles and positions with
the other person, maintaining the same technique with the opposite side of the
body. If you have any more questions or need further explanations, feel free to
ask!
10
進階掤屢擠按法
（1） 甲乙雙方以右掤手、左按手相互搭手，甲方藉由身體對地面反作用力，以兩手向前雙按，（如圖）乙方借身體對地面反作用力順勢向後平退，左手保持鬆持，（如圖）。右手鬆持肩、肘、腕等關節置於胸前。
（2） 甲方順勢向左轉30-45度成右靠勢，同時乙方身體向右轉（如圖），帶動左手成立掌，左手肘關節黏貼甲方肘關節（如圖）。
（3） 甲方順勢向右轉30-45度回正位，帶動左手成擠勢，乙方鬆左肘關節手掌黏貼於甲方手掌上方，右腕關節保持原空位再依序含胸拔背、鬆腰落胯、虛實分清（如圖），向左轉30-45度再回正位成雙按勢，甲方隨乙方之勢成左掤勢。
（4） 乙方再以雙按勢向前按出（如圖），循環往復。
10. Advanced Ward-Off, Press, and Squeeze
Technique:
(1) Person A and Person B connect their
right ward-off hands and left press hands. Person A uses the reactive force of
the body against the ground to press forward with both hands (as shown in the
diagram), while Person B uses the reactive force of the body against the ground
to smoothly retreat backward. Person B's left hand maintains a loose grip (as
shown in the diagram), and their right hand's shoulder, elbow, wrist joints are
relaxed and placed in front of the chest.
(2) Person A smoothly turns to the left
30-45 degrees to form a right leaning posture, while Person B's body turns to
the right (as shown in the diagram), causing the left hand to form a standing
palm. The left hand's elbow joint sticks to Person A's elbow joint (as shown in
the diagram).
(3) Person A smoothly turns to the right
30-45 degrees to return to the neutral position, causing the left hand to form
a squeezing posture. Person B's left elbow joint is relaxed, and the palm
sticks to Person A's palm, while the right wrist joint maintains its original
empty position. Then, Person A sequentially tucks in the chest, pulls back the
back, relaxes the waist and drops the hip, and distinguishes between emptiness
and fullness (as shown in the diagram), turning to the left 30-45 degrees and then
returning to the neutral position to form a double pressing posture, while
Person A follows Person B's movement to form a left ward-off posture.
(4) Person B then presses forward with a
double pressing posture (as shown in the diagram), and this cycle repeats.