Fixed-Pattern Push Hands （All)
Taijiquan (Tai Chi Chuan) embodies the reverse-thinking logic of Laozi and Zhuangzi’s
philosophy of wu wei (non-action or effortless action), as well as the
philosophical concepts of yin and yang transformation from the I
Ching (Book of Changes). Grandmaster Cheng Man-ch'ing applied this wu
wei logic to the practice of relaxed and soft Taijiquan, proposing key
training principles such as "hands of a beauty," "Taiji does not
initiate attack," and "loss is gain." The yin-yang
philosophy in Taijiquan expresses the transformations of motion and stillness,
emptiness and solidity, hardness and softness, and the doctrine of mutual
generation and mutual restraint.
From the Treatise on Taijiquan:
These essentials are all rooted in the principles of wu wei and yin-yang,
forming the foundation of soft and relaxed martial arts.
National Tai Chi Chuan Association and World Tai Chi Chuan Federation, in order to preserve the
training secrets passed down by generations of Taijiquan masters, has developed
four relaxed-style push hands routines, which have become mandatory forms in
relaxed-style push hands competitions. Practitioners must not only relax every
major joint in the body but also release strength, rigidity, ambition,
attachment, and insistence in the arms in order to demonstrate the technique of
“overcoming the hard with the soft.” This embodies the wu wei logic of
Lao-Zhuang: what appears weak, useless, and passive on the surface is, in fact,
the pathway to strength, action, and great effectiveness. Coordinating with the
yin-yang changes (motion/stillness, emptiness/solidity, hard/soft) of
the I Ching, the training naturally generates mutual generation and restraint,
resulting in a circulating and uninterrupted relaxed technique.
Taijiquan Push Hands Routines:
- Sticking, Adhering and Following Method沾粘貼隨法 (5-Part Breakdown): Peng, Lü, Cai, An, Kao, Peng.
- Outer Connection Method 外承接法– 5-Part Breakdown: Peng, Lü, Cai, An, Kao, Peng...
- Inner Connection Method 內承接法 – 8-Part Breakdown: Peng, Lü, Cai, An,
Kao, Peng...
- Eight Primary Techniques 太極八法– 10-Part Breakdown: Peng, Lü, Ji, An, Cai, Lie, Zhou, Kao, Peng...
Key Training Points:
- Wu Wei: Acting in accordance
with the situation; action without intention.
- Yin-Yang: Emptiness vs.
solidity, motion vs. stillness, hardness vs. softness.
- The Ten Essentials of
Taiji:
- Empty the crown to
lift energy
- Sink the shoulders and
drop the elbows
- Contain the chest and
raise the back
- Relax the waist
- Distinguish between
solid and empty
- Use intention, not
force
- Coordinate upper and
lower body
- Integrate inside and
outside
- Maintain continuity
without breaks
- Move with spirit and
energy
- Key Points by Master
Cheng Man-ch'ing:
- Hands of a Beauty: Appears relaxed but
not limp, about to extend but not fully extended
- Non-Initiating Hands: Do not move the
hands deliberately; rely on gravity, reaction force, inertia, and
waist-leg power
- Losing is Gaining: Sacrifice and
humility foster bodily coordination; seeming loss is actually a step in
mastering “soft overcoming hard”
- Eight Techniques of
Taiji (Ba Fa): Peng, Lü, Ji, An, Cai, Lie, Zhou, Kao – with
mutual generation and restraint.
- Five Steps (Wu Xing
Footwork): Advance, Retreat, Look Left, Gaze Right, Central
Equilibrium.
- Five Methods to Refine
Sensitivity: Stick, Adhere, Connect, Follow, Neither Resist nor
Collapse.
- Nine Major Joints: Shoulder, Elbow,
Wrist, Neck, Back, Waist, Hip, Knee, Ankle – all must be light, agile, and
integrated.
- Four Character Formula: Light, Slow, Even,
Upright – Avoid discontinuity or imbalance.
- Abilities that Emerge
from Relaxation: Power manifests only after full body relaxation
and integration.
Master Cheng Man-ch’ing’s Essentials:
- Hands of a Beauty: Appears relaxed but
is not loose; about to extend but hasn’t yet.
- Non-Initiating Hands: Hands are not the
initiator – utilize gravity, reaction force, inertia, and power from waist
and legs.
- Loss is Gain: By giving up self,
yielding, and neutralizing, one improves the functionality of all body
parts. What appears to be a disadvantage is actually a vital path to the
skill of overcoming hardness with softness.
Routine Details
1. Sticking, Adhering and Following Method沾粘貼隨法 (5-Part Breakdown): Peng, Lü, Cai, An, Kao, Peng.
Peng → Lü → Cai → An → Kao → Peng...
1. A pushes B ward off
2. A continue push and transition to press B roll back
3. B pull A. right arm A do shoulder attack
4. B pushes back A ward off.
- (1) Both parties (A -
right, B - left) use their right Peng hands to connect. Wrists are
interlaced, and left palms stick to each other's elbows, preparing for push. Arms remain light
and nimble. A relaxes the right shouder and drop right elbow to form the double pushes forward using ground reaction force and form bow stance, B drops the right wrist and follows B's drop of right elbow to form the hotizontal ward off and retreats with original body position first,
forming sit-back stances.
- (2) B maintains wrist
position, relaxing shoulders, dropping elbows and wrists, tucking chest, rounding back, relaxing waist and hips, and clearly distinguishing
emptiness and solidity, starting to Lü back with the upper right arm to roll back.
- (3) A starts to expand the fore arm to form right hand press, B rotates body
30–45° after rolling back and pull B to the right to form Cai, while B responds with Kao.
- (4) When B Kao, A responds with the two hands to break B's elbow.
- (5) When B's elbow is going to be broken, he drops his elbow a little and roll back his forarm, using his kua to roll back and ward off.
- (6) A follows B's rolling back. Both return to
upright, A forms Peng, B forms double An. Roles switch; cycle repeats.
- (7) After doing the same routine three times, both return to the original posture of hand joining.
2. Outer Connection Method 外承接法– 5-Part Breakdown: Peng, Lü, Cai, An, Kao, Peng...
1. A pushes forward, B’s right hand pulls A’s right wrist.
2. B’s left hand draws back A’s right elbow.
3. B’s left hand pushes A’s right arm diagonally.
4. B’s right hand moves in to connect with the left hand.
5. B’s left hand pushes against A’s right shoulder to continue the rotation of A's body
- Yin-yang hand
transitions: Left → Right → Left → Right → Left
- (1-4) Similar setup to Routine 1; sequence through Peng → Lü → Cai → An → Kao → Peng.
- (5) When A is retreating, B holds A's right elbow and wrist and pushes B diagnally, that is his left and back.
- (6) B retreats asdie and follws A's push. A then let go the right hand that holds B's right wrist and shift the right hand to the elbow to join the left hand. Two hands form tiger-mouth hand to push B's right elbow together.
- (7) A then let go left hand when B retreats aside, right hand continues to push. Emphasizes larger
rotations and alternating hands. Then left hand pushs opponent's right shoulder. Actions include pressing from left to
right, applying pressure along the centerline, guiding opponent's right arm right
shoulder, and transitioning to opponent's cai first on the elbow and then the wrist and then push aside and help opponent rotate along the body center line and continue the same cycle.
3. Inner Connection ( 8 Parts)
- (1-2) Same initial movements as previous routines.
- (3-8) In-depth exploration of controlling opponent’s center via various sticking points:
- Inner upper arm, spine, left shoulder, and elbow
- Control alternates between hands with leading/following dynamics
- Final form returns to Peng, completing the cycle.
4. Eight Primary Techniques
(10 parts with 5 Parts each side)
A’s Sequence
-
Push forward.
-
Use the right shoulder/torso to strike (right kāo).
-
Press forward with both hands.
-
Use the left shoulder/torso to strike (left kāo).
-
Return to Left Ward Off and follow with a right-hand push.
B’s Sequence
-
Retreat, keeping the left hand in its original guarding position, while the right hand withdraws to stick close to the chest.
-
Roll the left elbow back as the forearm rises upward.
-
Drop the left forearm downward to deflect and pull aside A’s double-hand press.
-
Use the left hand to seize A’s left wrist while splitting A’s elbow apart with body movement.
-
Return to the double-hand push position.
- (1) Both begin with
right Peng hands; wrists cross, left palms on elbows. A uses reaction
force to push forward; B yields with Peng and retreats, maintaining
relaxed joints.
- (2) A transitions rotates left into
Kao, B turns right into Lü with palm to A’s elbow.
- (3) A turns right to
form Ji (press), B responds with hand atop A’s.
- (4) B pulls A’s wrist,
raises back, relaxes waist, rotates left to perform Zhou and Lie.
- (5) B turns right,
returns to double An; A becomes left Peng. Cycle repeats.
太極套路推手揣摩五法、八法、定步五行身法釋義與扣分標準
輕微錯誤扣0.05分。兩種以上輕微錯誤同時出現0.1分。嚴重錯誤扣0.2分
Explanation of Taiji Routines, Push Hands, Five Methods of Comprehension, Eight Techniques, Fixed-Step Five-Element Body Methods, and Deduction Standards
-
Minor error: –0.05 point
-
Two or more minor errors occurring simultaneously: –0.1 point
-
Major error: –0.2 point
I. Five Methods of Comprehension (揣摩五法)
Zhan (沾), Nian (黏), Tie (貼), Sui (隨), Bu Diu Ding (不丟頂)
-
Zhan (沾): To attract and draw back through initial sticking.
-
Nian (黏): To adhere continuously without interruption.
-
Tie (貼): To follow closely and attach inwards.
-
Sui (隨): To move in accordance with the opponent’s force. These four characters include up and down, forward and backward, left and right connection. Both partners must neither lose contact (丟) nor resist by opposing force (頂).
-
Not losing (不丟): Do not abandon the contact point.Not resisting (不頂): Do not oppose the opponent’s incoming force.
Minor errors:
-
Resisting (頂抗)
-
Losing contact (丟失)
-
Movements lacking lightness, slowness, evenness, uprightness (輕、慢、勻、正)
II. Fixed-Step Five-Element Body Methods (定步五行身法)
Advance (進), Retreat (退), Look (顧), Gaze (盼), Stability (定).
The body’s advancing, retreating, and turning must remain balanced and stable.
Minor errors:
-
Rising and falling in advancing or retreating steps.
-
Instability in hip, knee, or ankle joints during left–right turns.
III. Taiji Eight Techniques (太極八法)
(1) Peng (掤)
-
When connecting hands, Peng links to An. The body remains upright and relaxed, with focused spirit.
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Wrist height between throat and chest; elbow angle 90–110 degrees.
-
When retreating with Peng, the point of contact remains, and the body retreats in sync with the opponent’s advance.
Minor errors:
-
Elbow angle not within standard.
-
Wrist height not within standard.
-
Elbow higher than wrist.
-
Hand retracts actively.
-
Failure to synchronize with opponent’s movement.
(2) Lü (捋)
-
The body retreats smoothly with balance.
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In sequence with the waist, relax shoulder → elbow → wrist.
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The pressing hand follows naturally; when reaching the chest, it turns with the waist.
Minor errors:
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Incorrect sequence of joint relaxation; using force to flip the palm.
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Forcefully pulling both hands back.
-
Clamping shoulders or armpits.
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Body not retreating with the waist.
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Palm fails to adhere at opponent’s elbow; loses contact.
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When pressed to chest, failure to turn with the waist, causing resistance/stagnation.
(3) Ji (擠)
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A cooperative form of two hands: one hand uses Peng to enter, the other hand applies An forward to complete Ji.
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The pressing palm should attach to the wrist joint.
Minor errors:
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Peng or An not fully executed.
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Pressing hand not applied to Peng wrist joint.
-
Using brute force to squeeze.
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Hands not moving with the waist; failing to complete Ji upon turning to the front.
(4) An (按)
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Both shoulders sink, elbows hang down.
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Elbow angle 90–110 degrees; fingertip height between nose and throat.
Minor errors:
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Fingertip height incorrect.
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Elbow angle incorrect.
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Palms weak or stiff.
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Palms not correctly pressing on opponent’s elbow and wrist joints.
(5) Cai (採)
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Both palms stick to opponent’s elbows and wrists, following naturally.
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Waist turns 30–45 degrees.
Minor errors:
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Hands not adhering to opponent’s elbows/wrists.
-
Pulling forcefully on opponent’s joints.
-
Instability of knee/ankle when turning waist–hip.
(6) Lie (挒)
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Both hands coordinate to control opponent’s center of gravity.
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Palms adhere to opponent’s elbows and wrists.
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Left hand acts as Cai (採), right hand as Jie (截, supporting point). Together they form Lie.
Minor errors:
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Lack of cooperation between both hands.
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Failure to adhere to opponent’s elbows/wrists.
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Using forceful pulling on opponent’s arms.
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Weak or stiff arms during Cai–Jie.
(7) Zhou (肘)
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Use of the bent arm (elbow).
Minor errors:
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Arm weak or stiff.
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Losing the structure of the vertical elbow.
(8) Kao (靠)
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Turn the waist naturally 30–45 degrees.
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Elbow angle 135–170 degrees.
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Palm faces sideways like Peng.
Minor errors:
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Failure to turn waist with the movement.
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Palm not facing sideways.
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Arm weak or stiff.
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Body lacks balance and stability when applying Kao.
Key Points of the “Designated Push Hands Partner Routines” (「指定推手對練」動作內容的要點)
I. Sticking, Adhering and Following Method沾粘貼隨法
Sequence: 1. Hand contact (搭手) → 2. Peng (掤) → 3. Retreat (退) → 4. Lü (捋) → 5. Cai (採) → 6. Hand contact (搭手) → 7. An (按) → 8. Advance (進) → 9. Kao (靠) → Return to upright hand contact
| 甲 (A) | 乙 (B) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Advance, stand upright, salute with clasped hands |
| ||
| 2 | Bow stance, hand contact (搭手) | Bow stance, hand contact | ||
| 3 | Right hand turns into double An (press) | Right Peng (掤) | ||
| 4 | Advance into bow stance, continue An | Retreat: turn body, sit back, Pull | ||
| 5-1,2 | Waist turns naturally to right Peng/Kao turn back and ward off. | Follow waist, Lü and Cai and push. |
| 甲 (A) | 乙 (B) | |
|---|---|---|
| 6 | Return to right ward off | Turn to double An |
| 7 | Retreat: turn body, sit back, Peng hand | Advance into bow stance, continue An |
| 8-1, 8-2 | Waist turns naturally, Lü and Cai | Waist turns to right Peng/Kao |
| 9 | Return to upright bow stance, hand contact | Return to upright bow stance, hand contact |
II. Outer Connection Method (外承接法)
Sequence: 1. Hand contact → 2. Peng (掤) → 3. Retreat (退) → 4-1. Lü (捋) → 4-2. Cai (採) → 5. Advance and push → 6. Elbow connection and push → 7. Shoulder connection and push → 8. Upward push→ 9. Side Peng/Kao → 10. Retreat → 11. Side Peng/Kao → 12. Upward frame (架) → 13. Frame rotation → 14. Cai–Lü (採捋) → 15. Return to hand contact
| Step | 甲 (A) | 乙 (B) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bow stance, hand contact | Bow stance, hand contact |
| 2 | Right hand turns into double An | Right Peng |
| 3 | Advance bow stance, continue An | Retreat: turn body, sit back, pull |
| 4-1, 4-2 | Transform into right Peng/Kao | Follow waist, Lü–Cai |
| 5 | Retreat: continue to turn body, side Peng hand | Advance, sending A’s elbow and wrist |
| 6 | Continue transforming with side Peng hand | Right hand connects A’s elbow, continues sending |
| Step | 甲 (A) | 乙 (B) |
|---|---|---|
| 7 | Continue turning upward Peng hand | Left hand connects A’s shoulder, continue pushing |
| 8 | Right hand raises up, left hand supports B’s elbow | Continue pushing A’s elbow upward |
| 9 | Return downward, connect to B’s wrist and elbow, sit back with Lü–Cai | Drop down and turn left into right-hand Peng/Kao |
| 10 | Advance, pushing B’s elbow and wrist | Retreat: continue to turn body, side Peng hand |
| Step | 甲 (A) | 乙 (B) |
|---|---|---|
| 11 | Right hand connects B’s elbow, continue sending | Continue turning body, side Peng hand (front bow stance) |
| 12 | Left hand connects B’s shoulder, continue pushing | Continue turning upward Peng hand |
| 13 | Naturally push B’s elbow upward | Right hand raises up, left hand supports A’s elbow |
| 14 | Drop down with left turn into left-hand Peng/Kao | Return downward, Cai–Lü |
| 15 | Return to upright hand contact | Return to upright hand contact |
III. Inner Connection Method (內承接法)
Sequence: 1. Hand contact → 2. Peng (掤) → 3. Retreat → 4. Lü–Cai (捋採) → 5. Inner connection → 6. Spine contact → 7. Shoulder contact → 8. Return shoulder contact → 9. Return elbow contact → 10. Hand contact → 11. An (按) → 12. Advance → 13. Kao (靠) → 14. Continue Kao → 15. Continue Kao → 16. Turn Kao → 17. Return turn → 18. Continue return turn → 19. Hand contact → 20. Close step → 21. Lower hands → 22. Salute
III. Inner Connection Method (內承接法)
Sequence:
-
Linking hands → 2. Peng → 3. Retreat → 4. Lü–Cai → 5. Internal reception → 6. Linking back → 7. Linking shoulder → 8. Returning shoulder → 9. Returning elbow → 10. Linking hands → 11. An → 12. Advance → 13. Kao → 14. Continuing Kao → 15. Further Kao → 16. Turning Kao → 17. Returning turn → 18. Continuing return → 19. Linking hands → 20. Step back → 21. Lower → 22. Concluding salutation
Steps
| Step | A (甲) | B (乙) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bow stance, linking hands | Bow stance, linking hands |
| 2 | Right hand turns, both hands push | Right Peng with right hand, left hand touches elbow |
| 3 | Step in, bow stance, continue pressing | Retreat, sink back with Peng, Lu and Cai |
| 4-1 | Following the waist rotation, turn right into Peng-Kao, left hand withdraws palm-down | Continue to follow waist to Lü–Cai |
| 4-2 | Continue Peng-Kao with right side, left hand still withdrawn palm-down | Right hand internally receives A’s right arm |
| 5 | Continue turning right Kao, left hand withdrawn palm-down | Left hand lightly links A’s back |
| 6 | — | — |
| 7 | Continue turning right shoulder Kao, left hand withdrawn palm-down, rear kua sinks | Left hand lightly rests on A’s left shoulder |
| 8 | Continue slight returning rotation | Left hand returns to link A’s right shoulder, pushing |
| 9 | Continue returning rotation | Left hand continues back, linking A’s elbow, pushing |
| 10 | Return to upright linking hands | Return to upright linking hands |
| 11 | Right hand Peng, left hand touches B’s right elbow | Right hand turns into double An |
| Step | A (甲) | B (乙) |
|---|---|---|
| 12 | Retreat, sit back into Peng hand | Step in bow stance, continue pushing |
| 13-1 | Follow waist rotation into Lü–Cai | Turn waist, right Peng-Kao, left hand withdrawn palm-down |
| 13-2 | Right hand receives B’s by the inner side of right arm | Continue right Peng-Kao, left hand withdrawn palm-down |
| 14 | Left hand lightly links B’s back | Continue turning right Kao, left hand withdrawn palm-down |
| 15 | Left hand rests on B’s left shoulder, controlling | Continue right shoulder Kao, left hand withdrawn palm-down, rear kua sinks |
| Step | A (甲) | B (乙) |
|---|---|---|
| 17 | Left hand returns to link B’s shoulder, sending back | Follow with slight returning turn |
| 18 | Left hand continues back to link B’s elbow, sending back | Continue returning turn |
| 19 | Return upright linking hands | Return upright linking hands |
| 20 |
IV. Eight Methods (八法)
Sequence:
-
Linking hands → 2. Peng → 3. Retreat → 4. Lü → 5. Contain–link → 6. Cai–Lie → 7. An → 8. Advance → 9. Kao → 10. Ji → 11. Peng-Kao → 12. Upright linking hands
Steps
| Step | A (甲) | B (乙) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bow stance, linking hands | Bow stance, linking hands |
| 2 | Right hand turns, both hands press down | Right Peng with right hand, left hand touches elbow |
| 3 | Step in, bow stance, pressing | Retreat, turn body with right Peng, hand across chest, sit back; left hand touches A’s shoulder-arm |
| 4 | Follow with left turn, right hand flips to Kao, left hand withdrawn palm-down | Left elbow upright, Lü A’s right elbow |
| Step | A (甲) | B (乙) |
|---|---|---|
| 5 | Return upright, left hand joins right wrist to form Ji | Left hand contains and links A’s Ji, return upright |
| 6 | Follow turning right, left hand Peng-Kao, right hand withdrawn palm-down | Turn left, left hand Cai A’s left wrist, right elbow against A’s left elbow (Lie) |
| 7 | Return upright, left Peng, left hand touches B’s right elbow | Return upright, double An |
| Step | A (甲) | B (乙) |
|---|---|---|
| 8 | Retreat: left Peng hand turns back, touches chest while sitting back, right hand touches B’s shoulder-arm | Step in bow stance, continue pushing |
| 9 | Right elbow upright, Lü B’s right elbow | Follow turning right, left hand flips Kao, right hand withdrawn |
| 10 | Right hand contains and links B’s Ji, return upright | Return upright, right hand joins B’s left wrist for Ji |
| Step | A (甲) | B (乙) |
|---|---|---|
| 11 | Turn right, right hand Cai B’s right hand, left elbow presses against B’s right elbow (Lie) | Follow turning left, right hand flips Kao, left hand withdrawn palm-down |
| 12 | Return upright, linking hands | Return upright, linking hands |
| Draw in right foot, both hands raised level | Draw in right foot, both hands raised level | ||
| Lower both hands | Lower both hands | ||
| Concluding hand-salute |
|
一、揣摩五法：黏連貼隨不丟頂
1.黏者吸引黏回。
2.連者綿綿不絕。
3.貼者跟從貼進。
4.隨者順勢而動。四字包含上下、進退與左右相連，選手雙方不丟也不頂抗。
5.不丟者，不得任其放棄而走。不頂者，不得抵抗其進攻之勁。
輕微錯誤：1.頂抗2.丟失3.動作未達輕、慢、勻、正。
二、定步五行身法：
進、退、顧、盼、定，身體進退與左右轉須保持平衡與穩定。
輕微錯誤：1.進與退有高低起伏。2.左右轉髖、膝、踝等關節未保持穩定。
三、太極八法：掤、捋、擠、按、採、挒、肘、靠
（一）掤：搭手掤按相接，身體中正放鬆、精神專注，手腕關節位置於喉嚨與胸口間，肘關節90-110度。掤退時，手接觸點不變，身體隨對方進步同步後退。
輕微錯誤：1.肘關節角度未達標準。2.腕關節高度未達標準。3.肘關節不得高於手腕關節4.手主動退縮5.未同步隨對手反應。
（二）捋：身體平退且保持平衡，順勢隨腰依序放鬆肩、肘、腕等關節，按者手勢順勢跟從，按至胸前時隨腰轉動。
輕微錯誤：1.關節放鬆順序錯誤，手臂用力翻掌。2.兩手用力抽回。3 用力夾肩夾腋。4.身未隨腰後退。5.黏、貼對方肘之掌心丟失，未黏、貼在原位。6.被按至胸前時未隨腰轉動，造成頂抗停滯。
（三）擠：兩手相互合作之式，一手以掤式貼進，另一手再以按式向前為擠。按掌附貼於腕關節上。
輕微錯誤：1.掤或按式未確實完成。2.按手未落實於掤腕關節上。3.用力擠壓。4.手未隨腰而動，轉正面時未同步貼進完成擠式。
（四）按：兩手沉肩垂肘，手肘關節90-110角度，指尖高度為鼻喉之間。
二、輕微錯誤：1.指尖高度未達標準。2.肘關節未達標準角度。3 手掌癱軟或僵硬4.兩手掌心未正確按貼於對方肘、腕關節。
（五）採：兩手掌順勢黏貼對手之肘、關節與腕關節，順勢轉腰30-45度。
輕微錯誤：1 兩手未黏、貼對手之肘、腕關節。2.用力拉扯對手的腕、肘關節。3.腰胯轉動時，膝、踝等關節未保持穩定。
（六）挒：兩手相互配合牽制對手身體重心。兩手掌黏、貼對手之肘關節與腕關節。左手為採、右為截（支點），合其式為挒。
輕微錯誤： 1.兩手未相互配合。2.兩手未黏、貼對手之肘、腕關節。3.兩手用力拉扯對手之手臂。4採截時手臂癱軟或僵硬。
（七）肘：屈臂。
輕微錯誤：1.手臂癱軟或僵硬。2 立肘有丟失。
（八）靠：順勢腰轉30-45度，肘關節135-170度，手掌朝側面如掤式。
輕微錯誤： 1.未順勢轉腰。2.手掌未朝側面。3.手臂癱軟或僵硬。4 靠進未保持身體的平衡與穩定。
「指定推手對練」動作內容的要點
一、 黏貼法：1搭手→2掤→3退→4捋→5 採→6搭手→6按→7進→8靠→9回正搭手
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1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5-1、5-2 |
|
甲 進 |
平立步抱手禮 |
弓步搭手 |
右手轉雙按 |
進身弓步續按 |
順勢轉腰右側掤靠 |
|
乙 |
弓步搭手 |
右掤 |
退：回身後坐掤手 |
4順腰捋採 |
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6 |
7 |
8-1、8-2 |
9結束 |
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|
甲 |
回正掤手 |
退：回身後坐掤手 |
順腰捋採 |
轉正弓步搭手 |
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|
乙 |
轉正雙按 |
進身弓步 （續按） |
順勢轉腰右側掤靠 |
回正弓步搭手 |
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二、外承接法：1搭手→2掤→3退→4-1捋→4-2採→5進送→6接肘送→7搭肩送→8上送→9側掤靠→10退→11側掤靠→12向上架→13架轉→14採捋→15回正搭手
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1 |
2 |
3 |
4-1、4-2 |
5 |
6 |
|
甲 |
弓步搭手 |
右手轉雙按 |
進身弓步 （續按） |
轉化右掤靠 |
退：續轉回身側掤手 |
身續轉化側掤手 |
|
乙 |
弓步搭手 |
右掤 |
退：回身後坐（掤） |
順腰捋採 |
進送甲方手臂肘與腕 |
右手接甲方肘，合手續送 |
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7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
|
甲 |
續回轉向上掤手 |
右手向上架轉，左手托乙方肘 |
順勢回落搭乙方=腕及肘，後坐捋採 |
進送乙方手臂肘與腕 |
|
乙 |
左手搭甲肩續送 |
順勢送甲方肘向上 |
順落左轉右手掤靠 |
退，續轉回身側掤手 |
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|
11 |
12 |
13 |
14 |
15 |
|
甲 |
右手接乙方肘合手續送 |
左手搭乙肩續送 |
順勢送乙方肘向上 |
順落左轉左手掤靠 |
回正搭手 |
|
乙 |
身續轉側掤手（前弓） |
續回轉向上掤手 |
右手向上架轉，左手托甲方肘 |
回落採捋 |
轉正搭手 |
三、內承接法：
1搭手→2掤→3退→4捋採→5內承→6搭脊→7搭肩→8回搭肩→9回搭肘 →10搭手→11按→12進→13靠→14續靠→15續靠→16轉靠→17回轉→18續回轉→19搭手→20收步→21放下→22抱手禮
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1 |
2 |
3 |
4-1、4-2 |
5 |
6 |
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甲 |
弓步搭手 |
右手轉雙手按 |
進身弓步續按 |
順勢轉腰右掤靠，左手撤開掌心朝下 |
順勢續右掤靠，左手續撤開掌心朝下 |
續轉右靠，左手續撤開掌心朝下 |
|
乙 |
弓步搭手 |
右手掤，左手貼肘 |
退回身後坐掤 |
順腰捋採 |
右手內承接甲右臂 |
左手輕搭甲脊 |
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|
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
|
甲 |
順勢續轉右肩靠，左手撤開掌心朝下，後胯沉坐 |
順勢微回轉 |
續回轉 |
回正搭手 |
右手掤左手貼乙方右肘 |
|
乙 |
左手輕搭甲左肩上 |
左手回搭甲右肩回送 |
左手續回
搭甲肘，續回送 |
轉正搭手 |
右手轉雙按 |
|
|
12 |
13-1、13-1 |
14 |
15 |
16 |
|
甲 |
退回身後坐掤手 |
順腰捋採 |
右手內承接乙右臂 |
左手輕搭乙脊 |
左手搭乙左肩搬 |
|
乙 |
進身弓步續按 |
順勢轉腰右側掤靠，左手撤開掌心朝下 |
順勢續右掤靠，左手續撤開掌心朝下 |
續轉右靠，左手續撤開掌心朝下 |
續轉右肩靠，左手續撤開掌心朝下，後胯沉坐 |
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|
17 |
18 |
19 |
20 |
21、22 |
|
甲 |
左手回搭乙肩回送 |
左手續回搭乙肘，續回送 |
轉正搭手 |
收右腳雙手平舉 |
21雙手放下 22抱手禮 |
|
乙 |
順勢微回轉 |
續回轉 |
回正搭手 |
收右腳雙手平舉 |
21雙手放下 22抱手禮 |
四、八法：1搭手→2掤→3退→4捋→5涵搭→6採挒→7按→8進→9靠→10擠→11掤靠→12回正搭手→
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|
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
|
甲 |
弓步搭手 |
右手轉雙手按 |
進身按弓步 |
順勢左轉右手側翻靠，左手撤開掌心朝下 |
|
乙 |
弓步搭手 |
右手掤，左手貼肘 |
退：回身右掤手貼胸掤後坐，左手貼向甲肩臂 |
左手立肘捋甲右肘 |
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|
5 |
6 |
7 |
|
甲 |
回正 左手合貼右手腕擠 |
順勢右轉左手側掤靠，右手撤開掌心朝下 |
回正左掤，左手貼向乙右肘 |
|
乙 |
左手涵搭甲合擠手轉正 |
左轉左手採甲左手腕，右肘貼甲左肘挒 |
轉正雙按 |
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|
8 |
9 |
10 |
|
甲 |
退：左掤手回身，左掤手貼胸掤後坐，右手貼向乙方肩臂 |
右立肘捋乙右肘臂 |
右手涵搭乙 合擠手轉正 |
|
乙 |
進身弓步續按 |
順勢右轉身左手翻靠，右手撤開 |
回正右手合貼甲左手腕擠 |
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11 |
12 |
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|
甲 |
右轉右手採乙右手，左肘貼乙右肘挒 |
回正搭手 |
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|
乙 |
順勢左轉右手側掤靠，左手撤開掌心朝下 |
回正搭手 |
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