Ground Reaction Force反作用力

Ground Reaction Force反作用力

 The core of internal push-hands mechanics.

When you are pushed, the partner’s force does not stop at your hands.

If your structure is correct, it travels:

Hand → Arm → Shoulder → Spine → Kua → Legs → Feet → Ground → Rebound → Expressed back through the hand

Let’s break it down clearly.

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1️⃣ The Moment of Contact – Don’t Resist

When your partner pushes:

• You do not stiffen.

• You do not collapse.

• You allow the force to “enter” your structure.

In Tai Chi terms:

不丟不頂 — neither lose nor resist.

Your hand becomes a sensor, not a blocker.

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2️⃣ Force Goes Down Through Structure

If your alignment is correct:

• Elbow sinks

• Shoulder relaxes

• Chest contains (not puffed)

• Spine lengthens

• Kua (hip joints) loosen and hollow

• Knees open

• Weight settles into the feet

The incoming force now travels downward through your body like water running through a pipe.

This is called:

引進落空 (Lead in and drop into emptiness)

You are not “holding” the push.

You are conducting it.

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3️⃣ Ground Reaction Force (Physics)

From a biomechanical perspective:

When force reaches the feet:

• The feet press into the ground.

• The ground produces an equal and opposite reaction force.

• This reaction travels upward.

This is not mystical.

It is basic physics:

Newton’s Third Law.

But in Tai Chi, the body must be:

• Relaxed (song)

• Connected

• Structurally aligned

Otherwise the force breaks at the shoulder or hip.

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4️⃣ The Rebound

If your structure is round and elastic (like your “ball model” concept):

The force rebounds naturally.

Not as a muscular push,

but as:

整勁 (whole-body power)

It rises from:

Foot → Leg → Kua → Dantian rotation → Spine → Shoulder → Elbow → Hand

And is expressed as:

• Peng (ward-off)

• Ji (press)

• An (push)

• or even a neutralizing spiral

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5️⃣ Important: It Is Not a Bounce

Many people misunderstand.

It is not:

Push → compress → bounce back.

Instead it is:

Absorb → redirect → reissue.

The rebound is guided by:

• Dantian micro-rotation

• Kua angle

• Spiral intent

If the dantian does not rotate,

the rebound becomes stiff and linear.

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6️⃣ Internal Feeling

When done correctly, you feel:

• The push gets heavy in your legs.

• Your upper body stays light.

• The opponent suddenly feels like pushing into emptiness.

• Then your return power feels “effortless” to them.

They often say:

“It felt like I was pushing the ground.”

That means it worked.

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7️⃣ Why Many Fail

Common mistakes:

❌ Shoulder tight — force stuck in chest

❌ Kua locked — force cannot descend

❌ Weight too forward — no rebound path

❌ Trying to “push back” with arms

When any joint blocks, the circuit breaks.

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8️⃣ One Key Image

Think of your body as:

A vertical spring embedded in the earth.

When pushed:

You compress downward,

not backward.

Then the ground releases you upward,

guided by spiral intent.